最近比较忙,一直陷入业务的泥沼不可自拔,很少有时间独立思考作作总结,因为平时上班遇到问题就是打开浏览器各种搜寻轮子,百分之八九十的问题也能解决,但是对于个人成长还是感觉有所缓慢,最近开始总结项目的点点滴滴,需要开始写写博客了,那就从基础的笔记写起吧,熟能生巧,由浅入深,这是一个良性的开端。
1. 汉字转拼音,用的系统的API CFStringTransform
///MARK:- 汉字转拼音 是否需要声调
+ (NSString *)hanziTransformPinyin:(NSString *)chinese
needVoiceTone:(BOOL)needTone{
//将NSString装换成NSMutableString
NSMutableString *pinyin = [chinese mutableCopy];
//将汉字转换为拼音(带音标)
if (needTone) {
CFStringTransform((__bridge CFMutableStringRef)pinyin, NULL, kCFStringTransformMandarinLatin, NO);
}else{
//去掉拼音的音标
CFStringTransform((__bridge CFMutableStringRef)pinyin, NULL, kCFStringTransformMandarinLatin, NO);
CFStringTransform((__bridge CFMutableStringRef)pinyin, NULL, kCFStringTransformStripCombiningMarks, NO);
}
NSString *pinYinStr = pinyin;
//去除掉首尾的空白字符和换行字符
pinYinStr = [pinYinStr stringByTrimmingCharactersInSet:[NSCharacterSet whitespaceAndNewlineCharacterSet]];
//去除掉其它位置的空白字符和换行字符
pinYinStr = [pinYinStr stringByReplacingOccurrencesOfString:@"\r" withString:@""];
pinYinStr = [pinYinStr stringByReplacingOccurrencesOfString:@"\n" withString:@""];
pinYinStr = [pinYinStr stringByReplacingOccurrencesOfString:@" " withString:@""];
// NSLog(@"去掉空白字符和换行字符的pinyin: %@", pinYinStr);
// [pinYinStr capitalizedString];//首字母大写
return pinYinStr;
}
2. 纯英文输入,记得之前记录过设置安全键盘可以实现限制输入中文和emoji表情的另类实现,即设置输入框的属性secureTextEntry ,根据键盘的弹出和隐藏动态切换,但是有一点小小的瑕疵(在支持touchID的手机,键盘上方会出现一个小圆圈,就是类似钥匙串的玩意儿,点击之后,验证touchID,然后会看到自己以往在iCloud记录的账户密码.... 安全以及UI方面不是很符合要求),在这里介绍另一种实现方式
- (BOOL)textField:(UITextField *)textField shouldChangeCharactersInRange:(NSRange)range replacementString:(NSString *)string{
//指定输入的字符内容
NSString * kLetterVerifyInput = @"ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz";
NSCharacterSet *cs = [[NSCharacterSet characterSetWithCharactersInString:kLetterVerifyInput] invertedSet];//与英文取反的集合
NSString *filtered = [[string componentsSeparatedByCharactersInSet:cs] componentsJoinedByString:@""];//过滤并拼接起来
return [string isEqualToString:filtered]; //如果匹配了这个非英文集合 则不会出现在输入框里
}
3. 利用正则过滤字符
//根据正则，过滤特殊字符
- (NSString *)filterCharactor:(NSString *)string withRegex:(NSString *)regexStr{
NSString *searchText = string;
NSError *error = NULL;
NSRegularExpression *regex = [NSRegularExpression regularExpressionWithPattern:regexStr options:NSRegularExpressionCaseInsensitive error:&error];
NSString *result = [regex stringByReplacingMatchesInString:searchText options:NSMatchingReportCompletion range:NSMakeRange(0, searchText.length) withTemplate:@""];
return result;
}
4. 只能输入中文和只输入英文的处理(标点符号之类的需要自己额外处理一下)
// 监听处理输入的字符串 把不符合要求的字符串替换掉
@weakify(self);
[self.nameTextfield.rac_textSignal subscribeNext:^(NSString * _Nullable x) {
@strongify(self);
if(!x.length){
return ;
}
if (self.selectedBtn.tag == 1) {
//中文
if (![NSString isChineseCharacter:x]) {
//过滤非中文字符
self.nameTextfield.text = [self filterCharactor:x withRegex:@"[^\u4e00-\u9fa5]"];
return ;
}
}else{
//英文
NSString *lastStr = [x substringWithRange:NSMakeRange(x.length-1, 1)];
if (![kLetterVerifyInput containsString:lastStr]) {
self.nameTextfield.text = [x substringToIndex: x.length - 1];
return ;
}
}
self.nameTextfield.text = [self.nameTextfield.text removeWhiteSpacesFromString];//移除空格
if (self.nameTextfield.text.length > 10) {//限制输入的长度
self.nameTextfield.text = [self.nameTextfield.text substringToIndex:10];
}
}];
5. 一些判断纯中文,纯英文,纯数字的正则的方法
//限制中文输入 判断是否中文
+ (BOOL)isChineseCharacter:(NSString*)source {
//参考了 https://www.jianshu.com/p/b40b3c618fec
NSString *regex = @"^[\\u4E00-\\u9FEA]+$";
return ([source rangeOfString:regex options:NSRegularExpressionSearch].length>0);
}
//严格限制英文输入
+ (BOOL)isEnglishCharacter:(NSString*)source {
NSString *upperRegex = @"^[\\u0041-\\u005A]+$";
NSString *lowerRegex = @"^[\\u0061-\\u007A]+$";
BOOL isEnglish = (([source rangeOfString:upperRegex options:NSRegularExpressionSearch].length>0) || ([source rangeOfString:lowerRegex options:NSRegularExpressionSearch].length>0));
return isEnglish;
}
//判断数字
+ (BOOL)isNumber:(NSString*)source {
NSString *regex = @"^[\\u0030-\\u0039]+$";
return ([source rangeOfString:regex options:NSRegularExpressionSearch].length>0);
}
6. URL含有中文或者百分号%,有时候需要根据业务需求编码或者解码,如下:
//以下是添加的NSString的category方法
///MARK:- URL包含中文转码 编码/Encode
- (NSString *)urlEncodeUTF8String{
if (@available(iOS 9.0, *)) {
NSString *newUrlString = [self stringByAddingPercentEncodingWithAllowedCharacters:[NSCharacterSet URLQueryAllowedCharacterSet]];
return newUrlString;
}else{
NSString *newUrlString = [self stringByAddingPercentEscapesUsingEncoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding];
return newUrlString;
}
}
///MARK:- URL包含中文百分号的形式 需要转成中文 解码/Decode
- (NSString *)urlDecodeUTF8String{
if (@available(iOS 9.0, *)) {
NSString *newUrlString = [self stringByRemovingPercentEncoding];
return newUrlString;
}else{
NSString *newUrlString = [self stringByReplacingPercentEscapesUsingEncoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding];
return newUrlString;
}
}
7. 解析URL的参数 即问好后面的参数键值对,入参是 [url query] 值得注意的是如果urlString含有中文的话,调用[url query]是读不出数据(null), 我认为采用字符串截取比较安全的做法,不用转来转去,我也是这样做的
// 扫二维码或者什么操作获取一段URLString 即
if (![URLString containsString:@"?"]) {
// 没问号 做其他处理
return ;
}
// 有问号去解析参数
NSInteger location = [URLString rangeOfString:@"?"].location + 1;
NSString *query = [URLString substringFromIndex: location];
获取到query 自然就可以获取到参数字典
+ (NSDictionary*)dictionaryFromQuery:(NSString*)query{
NSCharacterSet* delimiterSet = [NSCharacterSet characterSetWithCharactersInString:@"&"];//分割键值对
NSMutableDictionary* pairs = [NSMutableDictionary dictionary];
NSScanner* scanner = [[NSScanner alloc] initWithString:query];
while (![scanner isAtEnd]) {
NSString* pairString = nil;
[scanner scanUpToCharactersFromSet:delimiterSet intoString:&pairString];
[scanner scanCharactersFromSet:delimiterSet intoString:NULL];
NSArray* kvPair = [pairString componentsSeparatedByString:@"="]; //提取键值
if (kvPair.count == 2) {//字典一个键 一个值
NSString* key = [[kvPair objectAtIndex:0] stringByRemovingPercentEncoding];
NSString* value = [[kvPair objectAtIndex:1] stringByRemovingPercentEncoding];
[pairs setObject:value forKey:key];
}
}
return [NSDictionary dictionaryWithDictionary:pairs];
}
8. 提取字符串中的数字部分 (局限是会把所有数字都提取出来 可以自己使用逗号分隔,数组切割区分,因为我当时的需求是一串字符串中有且只有一串连续的数字 所有全部提取出来就是了)
- (NSString *)getNumberFromString{
NSCharacterSet *nonDigitCharacterSet = [[NSCharacterSet decimalDigitCharacterSet] invertedSet];
return[[self componentsSeparatedByCharactersInSet:nonDigitCharacterSet] componentsJoinedByString:@""];
}
9. 全角标点符号转半角符号
- (NSString *)full2HalfWithNSString:(NSString *)string {
if (nil == string || [@"" isEqual:string]) {
return @"";
}
NSMutableString *convertedString = [string mutableCopy];
CFStringTransform((CFMutableStringRef)convertedString, NULL, kCFStringTransformFullwidthHalfwidth, false);
NSString *newString = [NSString stringWithString:convertedString];
newString = [newString stringByReplacingOccurrencesOfString:@" " withString:@" "];
newString = [newString stringByReplacingOccurrencesOfString:@"‘" withString:@"'"];
newString = [newString stringByReplacingOccurrencesOfString:@"’" withString:@"'"];
newString = [newString stringByReplacingOccurrencesOfString:@"`" withString:@"'"];
newString = [newString stringByReplacingOccurrencesOfString:@"‚" withString:@","];
newString = [newString stringByReplacingOccurrencesOfString:@"，" withString:@","];
newString = [newString stringByReplacingOccurrencesOfString:@"；" withString:@";"];
newString = [newString stringByReplacingOccurrencesOfString:@"｡" withString:@"."];
newString = [newString stringByReplacingOccurrencesOfString:@"？" withString:@"?"];
newString = [newString stringByReplacingOccurrencesOfString:@"！" withString:@"!"];
newString = [newString stringByReplacingOccurrencesOfString:@"--" withString:@"—"];
return newString;
}